Deficiency Of Vitamin B12 And Folic Acid Causes
Vitamin B12 and folic acid are essential vitamins that our body needs to function properly. They play a crucial role in various bodily functions such as the formation of red blood cells, DNA synthesis, and nerve function. A deficiency of these vitamins can lead to several health problems. In this article, we will discuss the causes of vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency.
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency:
Vitamin B12 is found in animal products such as meat, fish, and dairy products. The following are some of the causes of vitamin B12 deficiency:
1. Vegan or Vegetarian Diet:
People who follow a vegan or vegetarian diet typically consume very little vitamin B12 because it is mainly found in animal products. A vegan diet completely eliminates animal products, while a vegetarian diet may include dairy products and eggs, which contain small amounts of vitamin B12.
2. Pernicious Anemia:
Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune disease that affects the stomach's lining, preventing it from producing sufficient amounts of intrinsic factor, which is required for vitamin B12 absorption. This autoimmune disease can be genetic or acquired and is more common in older adults.
3. Gastrointestinal Disorders:
Conditions that affect the gastrointestinal tract, such as Crohn's disease, celiac disease, and inflammatory bowel disease, can cause malabsorption of vitamin B12. These conditions can damage the lining of the intestines, making it difficult for the body to absorb vitamin B12.
4. Surgery:
Surgical procedures that involve the removal of part of the stomach or small intestine can also cause vitamin B12 deficiency. This is because these organs play a crucial role in vitamin B12 absorption.
Causes of Folic Acid Deficiency:
Folic acid is found in many foods, including leafy green vegetables, fruits, and fortified grains. The following are some of the causes of folic acid deficiency:
1. Poor Diet:
A diet that is low in folate-rich foods can cause folic acid deficiency. People who eat a lot of processed foods and fast foods are at a higher risk of folate deficiency. This is because these foods are typically low in nutrients, including folic acid.
2. Alcoholism:
Excessive alcohol consumption can interfere with folic acid absorption and metabolism, leading to folic acid deficiency.
3. Pregnancy:
Pregnant women require more folic acid than usual to support the growth and development of the fetus. A deficiency of folic acid during pregnancy can lead to birth defects, such as neural tube defects.
4. Medications:
Some medications, such as methotrexate, which is used to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases, can interfere with folic acid absorption and metabolism, leading to folic acid deficiency.
Conclusion:
Vitamin B12 and folic acid are essential vitamins that our body needs to function properly. A deficiency of these vitamins can lead to several health problems. The causes of vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency include poor diet, gastrointestinal disorders, surgery, medication, and autoimmune diseases. It is important to include folate-rich foods in your diet and to consult a doctor if you suspect a deficiency.