Disease Caused Due To Deficiency Of Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is one of the essential vitamins required by the human body. It plays a significant role in DNA synthesis, red blood cell production, and nerve function. The human body cannot produce vitamin B12 on its own, and therefore, it is necessary to consume it through the diet or supplements. However, many people suffer from vitamin B12 deficiency, which can lead to various health problems.
What Is Vitamin B12 Deficiency?
Vitamin B12 deficiency is a condition that occurs when the body does not have enough vitamin B12 to perform its functions properly. The deficiency can be caused by various factors, including inadequate dietary intake, malabsorption, and certain medical conditions. The symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency can range from mild to severe, and they can affect various parts of the body.
What Are The Symptoms Of Vitamin B12 Deficiency?
The symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency can vary from person to person, and they can be mild or severe. Some of the common symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency include:
- Fatigue and weakness
- Pale skin
- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness
- Tingling and numbness in the hands and feet
- Muscle weakness
- Difficulty walking or maintaining balance
- Memory problems
- Mood changes
- Depression
- Vision loss
- Mouth ulcers or sore tongue
What Are The Diseases Caused By Vitamin B12 Deficiency?
Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to various health problems, and if left untreated, it can cause severe damage to the nervous system and other parts of the body. Some of the diseases caused by vitamin B12 deficiency include:
1. Pernicious Anemia
Pernicious anemia is a type of anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. It occurs when the body is unable to absorb vitamin B12 properly, leading to a decrease in the number of red blood cells. The symptoms of pernicious anemia include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, pale skin, and heart palpitations.
2. Neurological Disorders
Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause various neurological disorders, including:
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Optic neuropathy
- Cognitive impairment
- Dementia
- Psychosis
3. Cardiovascular Disease
Vitamin B12 deficiency can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attack and stroke. The deficiency can cause an increase in homocysteine levels, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
How To Prevent Vitamin B12 Deficiency?
The best way to prevent vitamin B12 deficiency is to consume a diet rich in vitamin B12. Some of the foods that are rich in vitamin B12 include:
- Meat
- Poultry
- Fish
- Eggs
- Dairy products
If you are a vegetarian or vegan, you can consume fortified cereals, soy products, and nutritional yeast to get enough vitamin B12.
Conclusion
Vitamin B12 is an essential vitamin required by the human body for various functions. Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to various health problems, including pernicious anemia, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular disease. It is essential to consume a diet rich in vitamin B12 to prevent deficiency and maintain good health.